Whiplash associated disorder describes the symptoms that are experienced following a motor vehicle accident. It can be difficult to identify the exact structures affected so, whiplash associated disorders are often diagnosed based on exclusion. The injury itself involves an acceleration-deceleration type mechanism of energy transfer into the cervical spine leading to deformation of natural curvature of the neck and compression of the joints at the back of the neck
Symptoms can encompass muscular, neurological and psychological components.
Some common muscular symptoms include:
Some common neurological symptoms:
Psychological symptoms include:
Early intervention can prevent the development of WAD from progressing into a chronic condition. Due to the psychological effects that the injury can have, many people will limit their movement leading to further stiffness and progression of symptoms. Education on the importance of movement and regular visits to a physiotherapist can help with alleviation of symptoms.
Key aspects of treatment and management for whiplash associated disorder includes education and the importance of staying active, targeted exercise for muscles with deficits, analgesics, IMS/dry needling, spinal manipulations